数字系统：从逻辑门到处理器

你将学到什么

设计中等复杂程度的数字系统。

利用高水平的硬件描述语言描述和合成数字系统。

理解并执行电脑最基本的操作（机器语言）。

课程概况

本课程以最新科技和实用性为导向，学习如何设计数字回路。虽然构建数字系统需要了解基本的电子器件，但是与电子学相比，我们更侧重于系统研究，从而为我们了解复杂的数字系统设计奠定基础。

为保证课程进度，了解二进制算法和电力/电子学的基本要素（组件、电流、电压、单元等等）是必不可少的，所以我们特意安排了“预备课程”，同学们可以通过测试预先检验自己的知识水平。

本课程尤其适用于信息通讯技术工程的大一新生，以及渴望探寻数字系统无穷奥秘的朋友们。电脑硬件和/或专用集成电路是机器人学、仿生学、工业控制和其他应用领域的重要组成部分，对于渴望深入研究的同学们来说，选修数字系统的第一套课程是不可或缺的。

This course gives you a complete insight into the modern design of digital systems fundamentals from an eminently practical point of view. Unlike other more “classic” digital circuits courses, our interest focuses more on the system than on the electronics that support it. This approach will allow us to lay the foundation for the design of complex digital systems.

You will learn a set of design methodologies and will use a set of (educational-oriented) computer-aided-design tools (CAD) that will allow you not only to design small and medium size circuits, but also to access to higher level courses covering so exciting topics as application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) design or computer architecture, to give just two examples.

Course topics are complemented with the design of a simple processor, introduced as a transversal example of a complex digital system. This example will let you understand and feel comfortable with some fundamental computer architecture terms as the instruction set, microprograms and microinstructions.

After completing this course you will be able to:

* Design medium complexity digital systems.
* Understand the description of digital systems using high-level languages such as VHDL.
* Understand how computers operate at their most basic level (machine language).

课程大纲

第一周：数字系统；描述与合成。用8周时间详解如何设计简单处理器。
第二周：组合电路，布尔代数和逻辑门。
第三周：合成组合电路。
第四周：硬件描述语言，处理器的硬件描述语言实现。
第五周：时序电路，同时性，时序电路的描述。
第六周：基本元件，有限状态自动机，数字系统的在综合描述。
第七周：硬件描述语言的综合描述。
第八周：实现数字系统的现有技术，课程总结。