社会规范、社会变革 I

你将学到什么

课程概况

这是一门关于社会规范的课程，这些规则将社会联系在一起。它教授如何诊断社会规范，以及如何将它们与其他社会结构(如习俗或习俗)区分开来。这些区别对于旨在建立新的、有益的规范或消除有害规范的有效政策干预至关重要。该课程教授如何衡量社会规范和支持它们的期望，以及如何决定它们是否导致特定的行为。该课程是宾夕法尼亚大学和联合国儿童基金会的联合项目，它包括许多维持儿童婚姻、性别暴力和卫生习惯等行为规范的例子。

这是社会规范的第一部分，社会变化系列。在这些讲座中，我介绍了所有的基本概念和定义，如社会期望和条件偏好，这有助于我们区分不同类型的社会实践，如习俗、描述性规范和社会规范。期望和偏好是可以测量的，这些讲座解释了如何测量它们。度量对于理解您所面临的实践的性质，以及干预是否成功以及为什么成功至关重要。在第二部分中，我们将把在第一部分中所学的全部付诸实践。

This is a course on social norms, the rules that glue societies together. It teaches how to diagnose social norms, and how to distinguish them from other social constructs, like customs or conventions. These distinctions are crucial for effective policy interventions aimed to create new, beneficial norms or eliminate harmful ones. The course teaches how to measure social norms and the expectations that support them, and how to decide whether they cause specific behaviors. The course is a joint Penn-UNICEF project, and it includes many examples of norms that sustain behaviors like child marriage, gender violence and sanitation practices.

This is Part 1 of the Social Norms, Social Change series. In these lectures, I introduce all the basic concepts and definitions, such as social expectations and conditional preferences, that help us distinguish between different types of social practices like customs, descriptive norms and social norms. Expectations and preferences can be measured, and these lectures explain how to measure them. Measurement is crucial to understanding the nature of the practice you are facing, as well as whether an intervention was or was not successful, and why. In Part 2, we will put into practice all we have learned in Part 1.

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课程大纲

周1
完成时间为 2 小时
Interdependent & Independent Actions + Empirical Expectations
Welcome Social Norms, Social Change. This course aims to give you the tools to understand, measure, and change collective practices. This module focuses on two of the basic building blocks the theory of social norms is built on: the distinction between interdependent and independent behavior, and empirical expectations.
13 个视频 （总计 48 分钟）, 7 个阅读材料, 2 个测验

周2
完成时间为 2 小时
Normative Expectations + Personal Normative Beliefs
This module adds two more of the basic building blocks of the theory: normative expectations and personal normative beliefs. Although both are "normative" — that is, both have a component dealing with a "should" — there are important differences between normative expectations and personal normative beliefs.
9 个视频 （总计 30 分钟）, 6 个阅读材料, 2 个测验

周3
完成时间为 2 小时
Conditional Preferences + Social Norms
In this module we cover two topics: conditional preferences and social norms. Conditional preferences are the final basic building block of the theory of social norms. After studying all these building blocks, we can finally assemble them to understand what it means for a collective practice to be a social norm.
11 个视频 （总计 43 分钟）, 4 个阅读材料, 2 个测验

周4
完成时间为 4 小时
Pluralistic Ignorance + Measuring Norms
This module covers two important topics: pluralistic ignorance and norm measurement. Sometimes individuals endorse their social norms, but sometimes they do not. Knowing when a norm is endorsed is crucial for intervention. But how do we know we are dealing with a social norm or whether it's endorsed? Measurement answers that question.